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Introduction to Self Defence

Self-defence is a countermeasure that involves defending the health and well-being of oneself from harm. The use of the right of self-defence as a legal justification for the use of force in times of danger is available in many jurisdictions, but the interpretation varies widely.

Self-defence is a legal doctrine which says that a person may use reasonable force in the defence of himself or another. This defence arises both from the common law and the Criminal Law Act 1967. Self-defence is a justification rather than an excuse, that is, the defence says that the person’s actions were not a crime at all

I believe that self-defence is the best training for your body and mind. No one can know what the world will bring to you but a course in self-defence will greatly serve you to make your body and mind better trained to help yourself and then to help others.

Self-defense, self-defence or private defence is a countermeasure that involves defending oneself, one’s property or the well-being of another from physical harm. The use of the right of self-defence as a legal justification for the use of force in times of danger is available in many jurisdictions, but the interpretation varies widely. To be acquitted of any kind of physical harm-related crime (such as assault and battery and homicide) using the self-defence justification, one must prove legal provocation, meaning that one must prove that they were in a position where not using self-defense would most likely lead to death, serious injuries and property damage.

Self-defence is a defence to certain criminal charges as well as to some civil claims. Under both Criminal Law and Tort Law, self-defence is commonly asserted in cases of Homicide, Assault and Battery, and other crimes involving the attempted use of violence against an individual. Statutory and case law governing self-defence is generally the same in tort and criminal law.

Physical

Physical self-defence is the use of physical force to counter an immediate threat of violence. Such force can be either armed or unarmed. In either case, the chances of success depend on a large number of parameters, related to the severity of the threat on one hand, but also on the mental and physical preparedness of the defender.

Unarmed

Many styles of martial arts are practised for self-defence or include self-defence techniques. Some styles train primarily for self-defence, while other martial/Combat sports can be effectively applied in self-defence. To provide more practical self-defence, many modern day martial arts schools now use a combination of martial arts styles and techniques, and will often customize self-defence training to suit the participants’ lifestyles, occupations, age groups and gender, and physical and mental capabilities.

The best Unarmed Defense Techniques (UDT) are often a handful of simple gross motor skills that are used to ‘bash and dash’ rather than highly complex fine motor skills that deteriorate under stress. Learning UDT is about increasing confidence and awareness not about ‘beating’ an attacker. Good UDT lessons will teach simple, high impact techniques to momentarily distract or off-balance an attacker so a victim can get away. Another technique, dangerous unless the practitioner is highly skilled, instead of punching rapidly and just hitting, you can always wait for another person to make a move, and then you use a basic counter that leaves them wide open. Close Quarters Combat (CQC) tactics, like Kapap, teach preemptive strikes once it becomes apparent that the situation has passed the point of no return and physical confrontation is imminent. It is always better to strike first, delivering a series of devastating blows to the attacker in the shortest time possible and escape.

Armed

In some countries, it is legal to use or carry weapons (for example knives, firearms or batons) for purposes of self-defence. In other countries, this may be illegal or may require a license, or some items may be legal to carry without a license, while others, most commonly firearms, are not. Limitations on the use of weapons for personal defence are a source of controversy in some countries, pitting self-defence rights against efforts to combat violent crime via restricting access to common weapons.

Everyday objects, such as baseball bats or aerosol spray cans, can also be used as improvised weapons for self-defence, but are not likely to be as effective as a purpose-built weapon. Some non-lethal weapons as the Kubotan have also been built to resemble everyday objects, such as key chains.

Pepper spray and personal stun guns are non-lethal self-defence alternatives, which are legal in some countries. Pepper sprays can have a range between 5–20 feet, and act by delivering a spray or foam containing highly irritating chemicals. Handheld stun guns operate by delivering an incapacitating electric shock, and must actually come in contact with the assailant to be effective, with the exception of Tasers which use gas-propelled barbs connected to the taser by conductive wire to deliver the shock.

Other forms

De-escalation

Verbal Self Defense aka ‘Verbal Judo’ is defined as using one’s words to prevent, de-escalate, or end an attempted assault. It is a way of using words as weapons. This kind of ‘conflict management’ is the use of voice, tone, and body language to calm a potentially violent situation before violence actually ensues. This often involves techniques such as taking a time-out and deflecting the conversation to individuals in the group who are less passionately involved.

The author defines Verbal self-defence as simply saying no to someone or repeatedly refusing a request or telling someone who has violated a boundary what you want, or it could entail a more complicated scenario in which you are called on to refuse to engage verbally with someone manipulative, to set limits, and end the conversation.

Suzette Haden Elgin the author of The Gentle Art of Verbal Self-Defense states that verbal self-defence defends against the eight most common types of verbal violence, and redirect and defuse potential verbal confrontations.

Avoidance

Being aware of and avoiding potentially dangerous situations is an emphasis on self-defence. Attackers are typically larger, stronger, and are often armed or have an accomplice. These factors make fighting to defeat the attacker unlikely to succeed. In order to attack, an aggressor must have three elements in place: desire, distance, and decision. If anyone of these elements can be removed, an attack can be avoided without resorting to physical self-defence. When avoidance is impossible, one often has a better chance at fighting to escape, such methods may be referred to as ‘breakaway’ techniques.

Personal alarms

Personal alarms are a way to practice passive self-defence. A personal alarm is a small, hand-held device that emits strong, loud, high pitched sounds to deter attackers because the noise will draw the attention of passersby. Child alarms often function as locators or device alarms such as triggering an alert when a swimming pool is in use to help prevent dangerous situations in addition to being a deterrent against would-be aggressors.

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